During the 19th century, the Armenian community played a pivotal role in the urbanization of Eskişehir within the Ottoman Empire. This article endeavors to delve into the cultural, economic, and artistic nuances of Armenians residing in Eskişehir and their impact on the city's urbanization. This topic is of paramount importance for studying the social and urban history of Ottoman cities, as Armenians have been an integral part of the Ottoman Empire for centuries. The Armenian quarter made significant contributions to the identity of the city through its educational institutions, entertainment venues, and places of worship, as well as its involvement in the meerschaum (brimstone) trade. The Armenian community's influence can be seen in the city's architectural landscape, with many buildings, streets, and squares bearing the hallmarks of Armenian culture. However, in the 21st century, the remnants of the Armenian culture of the 19th century have largely disappeared from the city's landscape. Despite this, a detailed examination of the concept of the Armenian quarter that once existed reveals a rich and fascinating history that provides valuable insights into the city's past. By utilizing a variety of sources, including historical documents, architectural records, and anecdotal accounts, this article aims to shed light on the history of the Armenian quarter and its significance in the urbanization of Eskişehir during the 19th century.